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WordPress Shortcode. Share Email. All emergency versions, whether Zone 1 or Zone 2 can also be easily visually identified by their red end cap, encapsulating the emergency battery back-up. Raytec do not currently offer any lighting solutions for Zone 0. This is because Zone 0 usually classifies areas for gas storage or containment, and any lighting required would be used on a small and portable basis for visual inspection, e. Therefore, it is very important to make sure that you are using a suitable luminaire for your application by choosing your fitting based on its suitability for the Zone in which it will be located….
There are three necessary components for an explosion to occur; 1. Ignition Source — a spark or high heat must also be present. Zone 1 Zone 1 is an area in which an explosive atmosphere is likely to occur occasionally in normal operation. Zone 2 Zone 2 is a place in which an explosive atmosphere is not likely to occur in normal operation but, if it does occur, will persist for a short period only.
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The decision to build new buildings with new places is always a significant one, the decision about where and how are more often left to the urban designers. Cities are designed according to the priorities of those who hold power. This formal stability would seem to take two forms, both of which are attempts by designers to create a kind of ideogram for the political system. The first type, familiar from palace and fortress designs of the past, exhibits an emphasis on bilateral symmetry which places the most important building at the center, with all else flanking it in a subordinate manner; a second variety is focused not on a single building but on some sort of public spaces.
The first kind of urban design seems to be the preferred pre — modern approach. It is presumed that urban design is dependent on and influences other fields of knowledge and activity, but simultaneously, its own contribution cannot be reduced to any other domain and its unique production is not consequential to any aggregation of their productions. The main goal of urban design activity is to establish a guiding value: an ad — hoc ideal image of a city or its parts.
The image is ideal in what concerns spatial — structural — formal aspects. It presents what could be called the special formative law of the city, specific to time and place, and therefore of delimited validity within a dynamic chain of interpretations. The main principles to be applied to urban design are: a contextual forms, b geometry as a generator of forms, c hierarchy, and d interaction among urban elements. The urban designer has to discover or to interpret within the given situation according to his interests or ideals.
It is necessary to yield a geometrical ordering system composed of nodes, landmarks, paths, edges and districts. Only the prominently evaluated components and their spatial relations form the primary ordering system of the town. It is proposed to regard the site as prominent components. Concentration on previous landmarks and paths shows them to be areas defined by new sets of points and lines, and so further.
Any design decision beyond the generating system may add meanings and interpretations but never negate the basic ordering of the urban space. This entails that sites cannot become pathological enclosures within indifferent surroundings, because the very structure of the surrounding is nourished by and directed towards the existence of the site. By ensuring internal relations between any two close elements; all along the urban design process, the influence of the generating system diffuses to further remote areas.
The above four principles are not exhaustive but they explain the difference between an accidental location and a generating function of a site. Needs are basic, almost natural values. Their meeting seems indispensable always and everywhere. As against that, ideals are complex values, their contents depend from culture, place and time. While in one way or another, needs appear on the urban scene without planning or design ideals intervention, components meeting urban ideals demand explicit intervention.
Urban design according to one value type alone seems impossible: urban ideals alone would lead to sterile and elitist forms. However, a town based on needs alone would be structured on the immediate present forgetting the different possibilities. Meeting urban needs and urban ideals is not necessarily contradictory: these are two distinct levels of planning and design activity; they are in a permanent interaction.
One of the most salient themes undertaken by urban design ideals is the general urban structure, either when concerning new towns, new large districts or renewal of existing towns. We can illustrate the function of design ideals by the projects of Le Corbusier in Chandigarh or the charter of Athens; E.
Howard with his garden city or Cerda with his linear city. Each of these examples demonstrates to what extent concepts of urban structures are determined by changeable professional paradigms. Actually, it seems inconceivable to adopt literally any of those ideals or approaches, despite the fact that basic needs such as housing, circulation, etc.
Despite the profound differences that separate the Emirates and The Western way of life, there is a current prevailing tendency in Emirates to adopt mental approaches and particular ways of relating to space from the West the term place express a spatial concept fundamental to the West way of thinking that has not direct equivalent in the Emirates.
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