Reviewer: Slams - favorite favorite - October 10, Subject: Surviving work? Or intentional modification It is well known all of Wilhelm Reich's work was destroyed by the Fda regarding Orgone energy. His devices also destroyed. They imprisoned him and most would conclude they even killed him on prison and declared his 'heart failed'.
So at such great lengths to destroy Wilhelms actual work, why would only a single supposed publication remain standing? Despite speculation that it is indeed modified, this work is only allowed to be distributed to the public because all potentially beneficial information has been plucked from it. The Social Psychology of Authority. The belief in the inevitability of proletarian revolution came undone in the aftermath of the First World War and set into motion currents of thought and practice that crystallized into what gets … Expand.
Mass psychology of the led and the leaders. Abstract In , in his ground-breaking Massenpsychologie und Ich-Analyse, Freud momentously redefined psychoanalysis, until then an individual psychology, as a social psychology. Whereas individual … Expand. View 1 excerpt, cites background. Psychological Aspects of Fascism. The terrible bizarreness of the beliefs and behaviour of fascists seems to cry out for an analysis rooted in individual psychology.
But, argues the author, this is both to ignore the strength of … Expand. Psychoanalytic notes on the erotic politics of fascism and authoritarianism. A Marxist Critique of Humanistic Psychology. He teaches organizational psychology at the School of Business, Washington University. In this characterological sense, "fascism" is the basic emotional attitude ofman in authoritarian society, with its machine civilization and its mechanistic-mystical view of life.
It is the mechanistic-mystical character of man in our times which creates fascist parties, and not vice versa. Even today, as a result of fallacious political thinking, fascism is still being considered a specific nationalcharacteristic of the Germans or the Japanese. The stubborn persistence of this fallacy is due to the fear ofrecognizing the truth: fascism is an international phenomenon which permeates all organizations of humansociety in all nations.
This conclusion is confirmed by the international events of the past 15 years. From this first fallacy all other misinterpretations follow logically. To the detriment of genuine endeavors forfreedom, fascism is still regarded as the dictatorship of a small reactionary clique. My character-analyticexperience, however, shows that there is today not a single individual who does not have the elements of fascistfeeling and thinking in his structure.
Fascism as a political movement differs from other reactionary parties in thatit is supported and championed by masses of people. I am fully conscious of the responsibility involved in suchstatements. I could only wish, in the interest of this battered world, that the [x] working masses had an equal.
One has to distinguish ordinary militarism from fascism. Germany under the Kaiser was militaristic, but notfascist.
Since fascism, always and everywhere, appears as a movement which is supported by the masses of people, italso displays all the traits and contradictions present in the average character structure: Fascism is not, as isgenerally believed, a purely reactionary movement; rather, it is a mixture of rebellious emotions and reactionarysocial ideas. If, by being revolutionary, one means rational rebellion against intolerable social conditions, if, by being radical,one means "going to the root of things," the rational will to improve them, then fascism is never revolutionary.
True, it may have the aspect of revolutionary emotions. But one would not call that physician revolutionary whoproceeds against a disease with violent cursing but the other who quietly, courageously and conscientiouslystudies and fights the causes of the disease.
Fascist rebelliousness always occurs where fear of the truth turns arevolutionary emotion into illusions. In its pure form, fascism is the sum total of all irrational reactions of the average human character. To thenarrow-minded sociologist who lacks the courage to recognize the enormous role played by the irrational inhuman history, the fascist race theory appears as nothing but an imperialistic interest or even a mere "prejudice.
The race theory is not a creation of fascism. No: fascism is a creation of race hatred and its politicallyorganized expression. The race ideology is a true biopathic character symptom of the orgastically impotent individual. The sadistic perverse character of the race ideology is also seen in the attitude toward religion. Fascism, we aretold, is the [xi] arch-enemy of religion, and a regression to paganism. On the contrary, fascism is the extremeexpression of religious mysticism.
As such it appears in a specific social form. Fascism is based on that religiositywhich stems from sexual perversion; it changes the masochistic character of the old patriarchal religions into asadistic religion.
It takes religion out of the other-world philosophy of suffering and places it in the sadisticmurder in this world. Fascist mentality is the mentality of the subjugated "little man" who craves authority and rebels against it at thesame time. It is not by accident that all fascist dictators stem from the milieu of the little reactionary man. Thecaptains of industry and the feudal militarist make use of this social fact for their own purposes. A mechanisticauthoritarian civilization only reaps, in the form of fascism, from the little, suppressed man what for hundreds ofyears it has sown in the masses of little, suppressed individuals in the form of mysticism, top-sergeant mentalityand automatism.
This little man has only too well learned the way of the big man and now gives it back, enlargedand distorted. The Fascist is the top-sergeant type in the vast army of our sick civilization. One cannot withimpunity beat the tom-tom of high politics before the little man. The little top-sergeant has outdone theimperialistic general in everything: in martial music, in goose-stepping, in giving orders and obeying them, in thedeadly fear of thinking, in diplomacy, strategy and tactics, in uniformed strutting and in medals.
In all thesethings a Kaiser Wilhelm appears as a poor bungler compared with Hitler. When a "proletarian" general covers hischest with medals, on both sides, and from the shoulders to the belt, he demonstrates the little man trying to outdothe "real" great general.
One must have thoroughly studied the character of the suppressed little man and must have learned to see thingsas they take place behind the facade, if one is to understand the forces on which fascism is based. In the rebellion of the masses of abused people against the empty niceties of a false liberalism I do not meangenuine lib-[xii]eralism and genuine tolerance the character layer of the secondary impulses was expressed. One cannot make the Fascist harmless if, according to the politics of the day, one looks for him only in theGerman or Italian, or the American or the Chinese; if one does not look for him in oneself; if one does not knowthe social institutions which hatch him every day.
One can beat fascism only if one meets it objectively andpractically, with a well-grounded knowledge of the life processes. One cannot equal it in politics, in diplomacy or. But it has no answer to practical questions of living, for it sees everything only in the mirror of ideologyor in the form of the state uniform.
When one hears a fascist character of whatever hue preach about the "honor ofthe nation" instead of the honor of man or about the "salvation of the sacred family and the race" instead of thesociety of working individuals , if he lets out a stream of empty slogans, one only has to ask him this:"What are you doing to feed the nation, without plundering or killing other nations?
What do you, as aphysician, do against the chronic diseases, or as an educator for the happiness of children, or as an economist forthe elimination of poverty, or as a social worker for the mothers of too many children, or as a builder for morehygienic living conditions? Give us a concrete, practical answer or shut up!
It can only be vanquished bythe natural organization of work, love and knowledge on an international scale. As yet, work, love and knowledge have not the power to determine human existence. More than that, these greatforces of the positive life principle are not even conscious of their strength, their indispensability and theirdecisive role in the determination of human existence.
For this reason, human society, even after the militarydefeat of party fascism, continues to hover at the brink of the abyss. The downfall of our civilization is inevitableif those who work, and the natural scientists in all branches of life not death , and those who give and receivenatural love, do [xiii] not become conscious, in time, of their gigantic responsibility. Will human and social freedom, will self-regulation of our lives and that of our children come about peacefullyor by force?
Nobody can tell. But those who know the living function in the animal, in the newborn or in the trueworker, be he a mechanic, a researcher or an artist, cease to think in those terms created by party systems. Theliving function cannot "seize power by force," for it would not know what to do with power. I have the impression that my husband would leave me. Party functionaries came to frustrate his projects. Reich became increasingly disenchanted and left the party in In the s Reich challenged Freud and conventional psychoanalysts regarding their attribution of neuroses to sexual repression in individuals.
Were they willing to recognize the part played by conventional morality and the anti-sexual legislation of the day in the consequent incidence of neurotic behavior he observed in the Viennese population? He found that more and more young people between the age of 14 and 18 had sexual intercourse today, according to the Center for Disease Control, more than half of teenagers have had sex before the age of 18 and the reformers of the day did not address the greater disconnect between espoused morality and reality.
He became increasingly disillusioned with psychoanalysis as its proponents concentrated more on the development of theory rather than clinical practice and treatment of disorders. In his later work, he began to go off the rails. His pursuit of a deep understanding of the libido, of sexual energy, led him to believe that it was not just a psychological state, but also a physical force that could be measured.
Reich became increasingly ostracized in both the psychoanalytic and socialist movements and moved to the United States. He taught at the New School for Social Research from to and corresponded directly in the early s with Einstein who must have considered him cook crazy. An institute was established in Rangeley, Maine which exists today as a museum , and he continued to attack the family institution. His descent into madness and ignominy ended with his death in in a federal penitentiary in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania where he had been imprisoned.
The examination of history provides points of reference that may allow insights into our current dilemmas. The problem we have inherited requires explanation of both psychological and socio-economic factors. Reich identified fascism as a movement of the lower middle class: private and public officials, shopkeepers, merchants, and farmers who exist in a tenuous relationship between proletarianization and aspirations of upward economic mobility.
Rather than recognizing power relationships and the dynamic of society, the middle classes aspire to be like their rulers. The class which has the means of material production at its disposal, has control at the same time over the means of mental production.
The seeds of authoritarianism have long been present in US society. There is a historical adoration of a Lone Ranger. The voter restrictions of the last decade harken back to the day when founders of the republic feared the consequences of universal suffrage and inserted barricades into law. Three percent of the total population voted for president in , four percent in , 11 percent in , 17 percent in Neither are Supreme Court rulings to enforce discrimination new. One of the current factors for Trump support is the transparency of the disparity of wealth and power between the one percent or the 10 percent and the 99 percent or 90 percent.
In March , in a continuation of the 21st-century expansion of wealth to the already super-rich to the detriment of the vast majority of citizens, the Federal Reserve provided gigantic loans to big business. But this was simply the beginning of the handout to the rich and powerful. This money was intended to keep us buying goods and services which would continue to pad the pockets of elite capitalists.
This handout, accompanying the loss of millions of jobs and without the production of a single commodity, increased annual corporate profits by percent.
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